如何组装一台电脑
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如何组装一台电脑
首先让我们准备一下安装电脑所需要的各种部件:
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主板、CPU、内存、软驱、硬盘、光驱、显示卡、声卡和电源等。
还需要一把螺丝刀,组装的过程很简单,就是把这些设备用特制的螺丝固定在机箱内,然后再数据线和电源线连接好,然后把盖子一盖,就是一台电脑了。
在安装之前我想特别提醒你注意下面这些内容:
第一、防止人体所带静电对电子器件造成损伤:在安装前,先消除身上的静电,比如用手摸一摸自来水管等接地设备;如果有条件,可配戴防静电环。
第二、对各个部件要轻拿轻放,不要碰撞,尤其是硬盘。
第三、安装主板一定要稳固,同时要防止主板变形,不然会对主板的电子线路造成损伤的。
第一步是把CPU和内存安装到主板上,过会再把主板装到机箱里,要是先把主板装到机箱后再安装CPU和内存就不是很方便了。
准备一块绝缘的泡沫用来放主板,主板的包装盒里就有这样的泡沫。
主板上有一些跳线来设置CPU的类型及频率等,对于初学者来说这有点麻烦,在这里我先给你设置好,后面的部分中再详细介绍。
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我们再来看一下这个传统的CPU插座,它的一个角比其它三个角少一个插孔,CPU本身也是如此,所以CPU的接脚和插孔的位置是对应的,这就标明了CPU的安装方向。
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内存也是根据插槽的凹凸来安装!
机箱的准备
准备机箱,首先,打开机箱的外包装,看,随机箱会有许多附件,螺丝、档片等,在安装过程中,我们会一一用到它们的。
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我们首先要把机箱的外壳取下。这是ATX结构的机箱。你看,机箱的整个机架由金属构成。
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这是5寸固定架,可以安装几个设备,比如光驱和5寸硬盘等;这是3寸固定架,用来固定小软驱、3寸硬盘等;这是电源固定架。用来固定电源。
这块大的铁板用来固定主板,我们在此称之为底板,上面的这些铜柱是用来固定主板的,现在的机箱在出厂时就已经将固定柱安装好了;
这些槽口是用来固定板卡及打印口和鼠标口的。在机箱的下面还有四个塑料脚垫。
安装电源
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现在电脑电源也分两种,一是传统的普通电源(AT电源),给普通结构的AT主板使用,二是新型的ATX电源,给新型的ATX结构的主板或者有ATX电源接口的主板使用,使用ATX电源的主板好处是可以实现软件关机。
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安装电源比较简单,把电源放在电源固定架上,使电源后的螺丝孔和机箱上的螺丝孔一一对应,然后拧上螺丝。
安装驱动器
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先从面板上取下一个3寸槽口和一个5寸槽口的档板,用来安装软驱和光驱。
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把光驱安装在5"固定架上,保持光驱的前面和机箱面板齐平,在光驱的每一侧用两个螺丝初步固定,先不要拧紧,这样可以对光驱的位置进行细致的调整,然后再把螺丝拧紧,这一步是考虑到面板的美观。
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下面要安装硬盘,我们这里用的是3"的普通硬盘,也装在3寸固定架上
下面我们进行第五步:安装主板。主板上的CPU和内存要先安装好.
不同的机箱固定方法不一样。像我们正在安装的这种,它全部采用螺钉固定,稳固程度很高,但要求各个螺钉的位置必须精确;
主板上一般有5到7个固定孔,它们的位置都符合标准,这点你不用担心。
在底板上有很多个螺钉孔,你要选择合适的孔与主板匹配,选好以后,把固定螺钉旋紧在底板上;现在的大多机箱已经安装了了固定柱,而且位置都是正确的,不用我们再单独安装了。
然后把主板小心地放在上面,注意将主板上的键盘口、鼠标口、串并口等和机箱背面档片的孔对齐,使所有螺钉对准主板的固定孔,依次把每个螺丝安装好。
总之,要求主板与底板平行,决不能搭在一起,否则容易造成短路。
接插电源线
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插接IDE数据线
IDE口是用来连接IDE设备的,一般是硬盘和光驱。主板上的两个IDE口,一个是主接口,一个是副接口。每个IDE口可以连接两个IDE设备,所以,一台电脑最多可连接四个IDE设备。连接的时候要注意,不仅两个IDE口之间有主次关系,接在同一个IDE口上的两个IDE设备之间也有主次关系;主硬盘,也就是启动硬盘必须作为主设备接到主IDE口上。比较新的主板没有这样严格的要求。
在主板上,主IDE口一般用“Primary IDE”或“IDE 1”来表示。另一个用“Secondary IDE”或“IDE 2”表示。在主板的各个接口附近都标明了第一根针的位置,在接线之前先要弄清楚。
我们用到的连接线有软驱线、硬盘线、鼠标连接口和打印机连接口。
硬盘和光驱上有设置主、副盘的跳线,在后面我们有详细的介绍。此处我们把硬盘作主盘,光驱设置为副盘,把它们都连接到主IDE接口上。
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硬盘数据线是40芯的,有3个接头,它们不分顺序。其中两个接头连接硬盘和光驱,第三个接头接到主板的主IDE接口上,不要接到副IDE口上。
数据线上都有一根色线,一般为红线,接线原则是色线对应接口上第一根针,主板上的接口和设备接口都是这样。先接好主板这头,再接光驱,再接硬盘。
安装指示灯
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有HDD LED字样的是硬盘指示灯
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这是电源指示灯
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重起开关
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报警器
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根据主板上的提示安装到相应的地方。
第一 准备好组装电脑的配件和一把螺丝刀,一定要记得消除身上的静电;
第二 将CPU和内存安装到主板上
第三 将机箱打开;
第四 安装电源;
第五 安装硬盘、软驱、光驱;
第六 安装主板;
第七 安装显示卡、声卡等;
第八 连接电源线;
第九 连接数据线;
类别:防静电产品    TAG: 如何消除电脑静电
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